FAQ -- Reference & Research

The Massachusetts Historical Society is an independent research library which serves primarily as a repository for collections of personal papers and rare books of early New England families. As such, the MHS is not able to determine the monetary value or authenticity of historic materials. While the MHS does have a small collection of coins and paper currency, and medals, we are unable to perform appraisals.

For context, start by looking at a page on our website about the Massachusetts Pine Tree penny. This short description gives some idea of the background of the copper penny, the only known original of which is held by the MHS. This original contains text flanking the tree trunk reading "1d LM", and there is no raised narrow border line in the upper quadrant near the spear head.

In the June 2019 issue of the Journal of Early American Numismatics, is a thorough write-up on the history of the Pine Tree penny (along with two other contemporary copper coins) written by Julia H. Casey titled "The Massachusetts Pine Tree Penny: A Copper Token Struck in Boston in 1776." The link will take you to a digital edition available at the site Internet Archive. The attached Word document has comparison images of the MHS coin alongside two replica coins produced at different times.

To determine the value of your coin, a certified appraiser will need to examine it in person to check authenticity and condition. Once they know that, they will be able to compare it with similar coins, and consult the latest auction prices realized.

Since searching online for coin information can be overwhelming, I can give you a few suggestions for finding reputable appraisers and authentication services through professional organizations, some that are specifically focused on numismatics and some that are more general. Once contacted, they will be able to give you an estimate for their services based on the type of appraisal you want (value for sale/insurance/tax purposes if you're giving it away).

First, the American Numismatic Society is an excellent resource for research on various historical coins and medals. In addition to the information below, their staff may have other suggestions for learning more about your item.

The American Numismatic Association has a directory of coin dealers and appraisers that you can browse based type of coin. Click here to see the directory showing results based on "Early American Coppers" then figure out which ones are nearest you. 

Next, the Professional Numismatists Guild is another respected professional organization which provides a directory for identifying reputable dealers around the country who may be able to provide information on your item or direct you to a trusted appraiser in your area.

More generally, the American Society of Appraisers and the Appraisers Association of America can provide names of professionals in your area.

Whether you decide to donate or sell you will need an appraised value for tax purposes. You may wish to contact several places and compare information. The American Numismatic Society also advises that "it is kind of like going to a doctor" and you can consult more than one dealer for a second opinion! Keep in mind that they will charge for their time.